Machine for forming gears or other polygonal articles



Aug. 26. 1924. 1,506,095

G. R.' 8TEVENSON MACHINE FCR FORMING GEARS OR OTHER POLYQONAL ARTICLESFiled Dc. 17. 1921 13 Sheets-Sheet l [mam Wow gnvmvfoz George RusaellStevgn son,

G. R. STEVENSQN 1 ARTICLES Aug. 26;, 1924.

MACHINE FOR Foxmm cams on OTHER BOLYGONAL l3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec.17. 1921 2 Z as a; f Q 149 I, n I v 0 1o: 47

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l3 Sheets-Sheet 5 G. R. STEVENSON Filed Dec.

MACHINE FOR FORMING GEARS OR OTHER POLYGONAL ARTICLES P 03in F DID D MgG'toRe: RusszuSnsvzu son Aug. 26 i924.

. 1,506,095 G. R. STEVENSON Y cums FOR FORMING GEARS OR OTHER POLYGONALARTICLES 13 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Dec. '17

II l/ Gnome,

Aug. 26 1924.

G. R. STEVENSON MACHINE FOR FORMING GEARS OR DIX- 1BR POLYGONAL-ARTICLES I .-D t e e h s m n a 3 l z w W; L w 4 a m d I e n .k. F 9wflaw.

gmeflto'c George Russell sievgnsqn G. R, STEVENSON MACHINE FOR FORMINGGEARS OR OTHER POLYGONAL ARTICLES Aug.

Filed Dec. l7. 1921 l3 Sheets-Sheet 6 gwvenio a maven son,

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' f. R. $TEVEN$N HACHINE FUR FORMING GEARS OR OTHER POLYGONAL ARTlCLESSheets-Sheet Filed'Dec. 17 19.21

G. R. STEVENSON HAdHIHE FOR FORE-1216 GEARS OR OTHER POLYGONAL ARTICLESFiled Dec. 17. 1921' 13 Sheets-Sheet M N T.

l i i i i H George Ru jselljfew /enson,

Aug, 26 1924. 3,596,695

G. R. STEVENSON MACHINE FOR Fuid'fiING GBARSOR OTHER POLYGONAL ARTICLESFiled Dec. 17. X921 13 Sheets Sheet 9 x n 154 I n 175 7 1 Znvcnl'olGeorge Russell fiievenson.

SHuzuev Aug, 26. I924.

G. R. STEVENSON MACHINE FOR FORMING GEARS OR OTHER POLYGONAL ARTICLESFiled Dec. 17. 1921 13 Sheets-Sheet 1O Geo iie Russell fifevenson,

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5 9 0 6 0 Kl N o S N E V E 5 R MACHINE FCR FURMING GEARS OR OTHERPOLYGONAL ARTICLES Filed Dec. 17, 1921 13 Sheets-Sheet 11 3n uc niczGeorge Russell fifevensan G. R. STEVENSON MACHINE FOR FORMING GEARS OROTHER POLYGONAL ARTICLES Aug. 26, 1924.

Filed D80. 17. 1921 13 Sheets-5heet 12 l I l 4 1 marital/Quill!!!Jnuculoz Gco rye Russellfifevenson,

guluznu Aug. 26, 1924. 7 1,506,095

, G. R. STEVENSON MACHINE FOR FURHING GEARS OR OTHER POLYGONAL ARTICLESFiled Dec. 17. 1921 13 Sheets-Sheet George R. SfeVeHSon) Patented Aug.26, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT Orrrca,

GEOEGE a. STEVENSON, F INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, SIGNOR To STEVENSON GEARcomPAN-Y, or INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, A COR ORATION OF INDIANA.

MACHFNE FOR FORMING GEARS OR OTHER POLYGONAL ARTICLES. 7

! Application filed December 17, 1921. Serial Ko..523,040.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE R. STEVENSON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Indianapolis, in the county of Marion and State of- Indiana,have invented a new and useful Machine for Forming Gears Or OtherPolygonal Articles, of which the following is a specification.

The Object of my invention is to produce I 1 amachine for cutting gearsor other polyg-v l l l i t l I onal articles by means of a plurality Ofcircumferentially spaced and simultaneously Operating cutters, the blankor blanks being axially reciprocable relative to the cutters and-thecutters being successively adjusted towardfinal position.

Specifically, the object of my invention is to provide variousimprovements in the details of construction of a machine of the generaltype described above such details involving the means by which the blankmay be. reciprocated; by which the blank may be accurately adjusted, sofar as its axial movement is concerned, relative to the cutting tools;means by which the blank may be firmly drawn into its seat in thereciprocat-- ting tools to final cutting position; means forautomatically compensating back lash in the indexing train andimprovements in details of the indexing train so as to insure accuracyof the ultimate product of the machine.

Various other improvements in the details of construction of variousportions of the machine will be made to appear in the description, allof such details contributing to a greater or lesser extent toward. theproduction of ani liicicnt machine hymeans of which may be commerciallyprodficedlarge quantities of accurate product.

The accoin anying drawings illustrate my invention. ig. 1 is a sideelevation of a inaprovements in tle means for .fecding the cut-' chineembodying my invention; Fig. 2, an elevation of the side opposite-tothat shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a front elevation; Fig. 4, an axialsection, on a larger scale, through the mandrel-carrying ram; Fig.- 5, afragmentary section on a larger scale of the lower end of themandrel-carrying ram and the mandrel; Fig.5, a plan of themandrelcarrying spindle; Fig. 6, a vertical section through the toolhead On line 66 of Fig. 7; Fig. 7, a plan of the tool head; Fig. 8, afragmentary section on line 88 of Fig. 6; Fig. 9, a fragmentary sectionon line 99 of Fig. 6 on a larger scale; Fig. 10, a fragmentarys'ectionon line 101O of Fig. 9; Fig. 11,a vertical section of the ramreciprocating and adjusting means; Fig. 12, a section on line 12-12 ofFig. 11; Fig. 13, a side elevation in partial vertical section of thetool controlled mechanism; Fig. 14, a section on line I I-14 of Fig. 13;Fig. 15, a section on line 1515 of Fig. 13; Fig. 16, a section on line1616 of Fig. 13; Fig. 17, a section on line 171'( of Fig. 13; Fig. 18, afragmentary detail of the operating lever for driving the tool feedingand clamping means; Fig. 19, a section on line 19-49 of Fig. 18; Fig.20, a section of the power-driven train for adjusting theram; Fig. 21, avertical section through the indexing train; Fig. 22, a section on line22 22 of Fig. 23; Fig. 23, a section on line 23-23'of Fig. 21; Fig. 24,a

.fragmentary section on line 2-124i of Fig.

21; Fig; 25, a fragmentary section on line of Fig. 23; Fig. 26, afragmentary section on line 26-26 of Fig. 23; Fig.27, a

fragmentary vertical section of'the powerdriven train for manipulatingthe mandrel draw bar andthe power driven train for manipulating thecrane; Fig. 28. a fragmentary section on line 2828 of Fig. 27; Fig. 29,a fragmentary section line 29-29 of Fig. 27; Fig. 30, a plan of thecraneand adjacent parts; Fig. 31, a detail, in partial vertical-section on alarger scale, of the crane;

Fig. 32, a distorted section through the main drive shaft and theadjacent parts; Fig. 33, a side elevation of an automatic throw-out forthe plunger shift; Fig. 34, a plan in partial section of the parts shownin Fig. 33; Fig. 35,11 vertical section of a modified form of mandreland receiving heed; Fig. 3G, a fragmentary detail of the parts shown inFig. Fig. 37, a sectional detail of a hand wheel control and frictiondrive for the feed which may be used for the production of internalwork.

The mm.

Referring now to the drawings blanks 4O are assembled upon a mandrel 41and held m place by nut 42. Mandrel '41 is provided with a taperedspindle 43 at the root of which is a diametrical key 44 and flange 45,which are firmly seated in and upon a relucingsleeve 46, which is seatedin a tapered socket .47 in the lower end of the'ram spindle 48, by meansof threads 49 atthe lower end of the draw bar 50, which extends throughthe spindle 48 and is rotated by hand or y means of a mechanical driveillustrated in Figs. 21 to 26, theidetails of which will be describedlater.

The spindle 48 projects through, and is carried by the ram sleeve 51which is provided with a series of rack teeth 52. Theram sleeve isreciprocably mounted and guided in vertical guides 53 in the mainframeof the machine. S

In order to insure. a uniform replacement of sleeve 46 and spindle 43, Iprovide a spring plunger 54 mounted in spindle 48 and pro ecting througha single perforation 1.6 in the flangeof sleeve 46, and into a rocket inflange 45. I i

A backing washer 40, preferablyprelimi- :a'rily toothed and hardened, ismounted on he mandrel to form, an abutment for blanks #0 and to serve toshear the tool chips as the ools emerge from the upper blank.

The mm drive and adjustment.

In order to provide proper periods within which the cutting tools may beadjusted and vithin which the blank may be indexed relaiv'e to thecutting tools, the total stroke of he ram, in the embodiment of myinvention hoivn in" the drawings, must be about .wenty-five percentreater than the axial ength of the blank. tated in another way, heperiods during which tool adjustment ndblank indexing must beaccomplished equi e about one-fourth. of the angular .iovement of themain drive shaft, irrespec- Eve of the axial length of the various blankets which may be put into the machine for new position.

The main drive shaft 55 carries a face late 56 having a diametrical slot57 in vhich is adjustably mounted the wrist pin :38, adjustment beingmadeby means of a emper screw. 59. The precise details of theconstruction'wf this adjustable wrist pin may be varied according towell known practice, but, in order that an average workman may readilyadjust the pin so as to give a stroke of ram whichwill be commensuratewith any iven length of blank, I provide, adjacent tie ath of.adjustment of travel of the wrist pin head a' raduated marking 60expressed in terms of en 11' of blank increasing by. a percentage wlnchwill provide for the proper clearance, to which reference has been made;that is to say,'if a given blank measures two inches, the workman willset the wrist pin at the two inchmeasurementand this will 'roduce atwo-and-ahalf inch movement 0 the ram. The wrist pin 58 is connected b a,pitman 61, with a cross head 62 mounted to slide in a suitable slide 63on the main frame. Journaled inthe cross head 62 is a worm 64, whichprimarily acting) as a rash-meshes with a gear 65 carried y a shaft 66journaled in suitable bearin s on the main frame and provided withP1111011 67 which meshes with rack 52. 1 The worm 64 is carried b orconnected to a shaft 68 which is rotatab e in the cross head '62 and iscapable of being driven in either direct-ion by a train of (gearing 69driven by a shaft ,70 (Figs. 11 an 20) which carries a clutch '72cooperating with reversing gearing73 of ordinary form, driven from anysuitable source of power on the machine.

The details of this gearing are entirely immaterial, it being merelysufiicient that some sort of reversing gearing, controlled by thecontrolling member 74'which acts upon the clutch 72, be provided so thatthe worm 64 may be rotated by power so that the blank may be accuratelyadjusted so as to be prop erly coordinated relative to the cuttingto"'o1s and the angular position of the wrist pin 58.

In order that the above specified angular relationship may be readilyestablished, a mark 75 (F ig- 1) on disk 56 should be brought intoregistry with a pointer 76 and then worm 64 rotated on its axis in theproper direction and to the desired extent to bring the lowest edge ofthe blank 40 to the cutting plane of the tools (Fig. 11).

The reversing driving gearing 73 is utilized by the operator to raisethe ram an amount sufiicient to provide enough clearance to permit theblank holding mandrel to be dropped outfroin the ram spindle and stillclear the cutting tools. I, therefore,

provide shaft '68 with threads 77 upon which to rotate with shaft 68without longitudinal movement on threads 77.

When the -mandre has been properly co-v related with the cutting tools,nut 78 is.

turned up b hand against bracket 79 so as to thus firm y hold the worm64 against any back lash, and thereupon screw 82 18 inserted into theproper hole 81 and block 83 thus cordinated with .guides 84 and nut 78.There upon manipulation of the reversing gear control 74 to cause pro errotation of shaft 68 to raise the ram, wil permit such raising actionuntil nut 78 contacts with, bracket whereupon .the properly formed teeth0% clutch 72 will ermit slippage of the reversing gearing if theoperator has not previously shifted the clutch diate position.

When a new blank mandrel has been placed, carrying blanks like thosewhich have ]ust been operated upon, the operator without any specialcare may cause downward movement of the ram, by rotation of the wormrack 64, until the slippage of clutch member 72 notifies him that nut 78is properly jammed up against bracket 79'and thus without delayestablish the proper relationship between the newly set blank and thecutting tools. I

The utter head.

The cutter head which I proposeto use in this machine is, in itsessential characteristics, like that which forms thesubject matter ofoo-pending application Serial Number 467,503. Generally speaking, aseries of cincumferentiall spaced cutting tools 90 are seated in radialseats in ring 91, and. are radially adjusted by means of a series ofcams 92, co-acting with pins 93, carried by each tool, the series ofcams 92 being carried b a cam ring 94 provided with circum ferentialteeth 95 by means of which it may be oscillated, in the'manner to bedescribed, so as to alternately retract the cutters, for clearance onthe upward stroke of the rain, and advance the cutters for the nextcutting ope-ration immediately preceding the'downward stroke of the ram.Sui-mounting the tools 90, is a clamping ring 97 which is held in placeand manipulated by means of a series of bolts 98 passing down throu hhead 91-and having their; heads 99 in a "slot 100, formed in a ring"101, provided with a. series of internal teeth 1-02 designed to beinterlocked beneath external teeth 103 carried by.thc cylindrical member104. the arran ement being such that by bringing teeth 102 into registrywith the spaces between teeth 103, the cutter carrying head may bevertically withdrawn, and, by seat- 72 to an intermeing the teeth 102beneath teeth 103, a downward pull upon member 104 may be exerted uponthe clamping ring 97, so as to clamp tools 90' firmly in their-seats.

In order to facilitate the. angular move-' ment o'fring 101, it isprovided with an external set'of teeth 105 which will mesh with thepinion 106 let into a suitably formed pocket in base ring 107 andmeshing with the bevel teeth 108 at the inner end of a pin 109, which isjournaled in ring 107 and is capable of limited angular movementsufficient to move ring 101 through enough of an angle to establish thedesired relationship between the teeth 102 and 103. This result isaccomplished by providing a bushing 110 surrounding the stem of pin 109and having a notch 111 of limited angular extent co-- operating with aradial pin 112 carried by pm 109. The bushing 110 is held in any desiredangular position by a wedge 113 held in place by bolt 114 (Fig. 9). Itwill be seen that by loosening bolt 114, pin 109 may be rotated to anydesired extent whereas,

by tightening bolt 114, bushing 110 will be firmly held and conse uentlythe angular movement of pin 109 Wlll be limited by the co-action betweenpin 112 and the notch 111. In order that the weight of ring 101 may nothang upon the clamping ring, 97 and thus tend to hold the tools 90 intheir seats, I provide springs 116 (Fig. 6) which su port the weight ofrings 101 and -97. T e cylindrical member 104 has an axial interlockingengagement with a supporting ring 117. (Fig. 6) and the weight of thisring and the member 104 is borne by springs 118. Surrounding the, member104 near its lower end is a ring 120 which is provided with internalvertical guides 121 into which pins 122, carried by member 104 areprojected, so as to prevent lateral displacement of the member 104. Thedownward pull upon member 104 is exerted by means of a shaft 123projected diametrically through member 104 and provided with eccentricportions 125 which are seated in bearings 126 at the lower end of a pairof rocker struts 127,-which at their upperends lie in pockets 128 inring 120, said pockets permitting a slight rocking of the struts 127 tocompensate the eccentricity of the eccentric portion 125. Shaft 123 isoscillated by an arm 130 which is connected with slide 131 (Fig. 32)reciprocated by cam 132 on shaft 55, a spring 133 holding the slide inengagement with the cam, and acting to turn shaft 123 in thetool-clamping direction.

The tool control.

95, of ring 94, mesh with pinion 1 40 (Figs. 13 and 14), which mesh witha gean 141 of the next cut. For this purpose, the teeth carried by ashaft 142 carrying a worm wheel 143 which meshes with a worm rack 144carried in a slide 145.

v In the normal operation of the machine, a worm 144 serves merely as arack to cause oscillation of worm wheel 143. Slide 145 is normallydriven in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 13, by spring 146a; .'cause movement of ring 94 in the directionto withdraw the tools 90.VVo'rm 144 is manually rotated in a slide 145 so thatthe tools 90 may beadjusted in any direction by hand.

Pivoted to slide 145 is a-lever 147 connected, at its outer end, by apitman 148 with a lever 149pivoted to .the main frame and reciprocated,once for each cycle of movement of the mm, by a cam 150 against whichthelever 149 is held by a'spring 151 acting ga'ged in one direction bypawls 159 carried meshes with a segment 162,- and this Se upon a link152, which is pivoted to lever 149. Lever 147 carries a roller 153which' is normally heldagainst cams 154 which has a throw sufiicient tocause, through lever 147, a movement of ring 94 through an are equal tothe angular distance of one of the cams 92.

Cam 154 is gradually advanced as the cutting operation proceeds and forthis purpose a worm wheel 155, connected to cam 154, meshes with a worm156 carried by a shaft 157 provided with ratchet wheel 158 enby a casing160 having a pinion 161 which gment is connected by apitman 163 with ablock 164 which is adjustable in a slot 165 in leven 149, the extent ofreciprocation of segment 162 being indicated by suitable graduations 166along side of slot 165. The backward movement'of shaft 157 is preventedby a ratchet wheel 167 carried by shaft 157 and engaged by a pa l 168pivoted on a suitable bracket 169 attached to the main frame.

The above described arrangement is such that lever 147 normally pivotsabout the axis of roller 153 and thus. reciprocates so as to causeoscillation of cam ring 94 and thus I cause reciprocation of the tools90.- In the by the action .of se meantime, cam 154 is advanced step bystep, cut-162 and the cam ring 94 thus gradua y advanced so that thetools 90 are gradually advanced.

The depth of the final position of tools 90 relative to the blanks'iscontrolled by a. stop 171 carried by ring 94 ultimately coming intoengagement with a stop 172 rovided with an ordinary micrometer ad ustingmeans 173 mounted on the mam frame of the machine. Whenever 'stop 171comes into engagement with stop 172 there can be no furthermovementof'shde 145 in the direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow inFig. 13 because the swinging movement of lever 147 in that direction isproduced by spring 151.

. By the above described construction, re-

ciprocation of slide 145 causes oscillation of ring 94 through an -anglesufiicient to provide clearance of the tools 90 on the upward stroke ofthe ram and just preceding each downward stroke of the ram, cam 154 isadvanced enough to provide for the next cut of the tools so that on thenext. feed stroke of slide 145, the tools are brought inwardly toposition for the fiext out.

Indexing mechanism. v

At point I (Fig. 1 the ram spindle 48 has secured to it a cross head 180and this cross head is provided with a semi-cylindrical bearing surface180' and two radial hear-- ing surfaces 180", which oppose thesemicylindrical bearing surface 180". A rotatable ,ring 181, mounted insuitable bearings in portion'I of the main frame, is provided with amember 182 afl'ording an=angularlyinterlocking axially slidingconnection 'between the cross he ad 180 and ring 18 so that the ramspindle 48 is freeto be axially reciprocated through ring 181 whilepartaking of all angular movements of said ring. Secured to ring 181 isa gear 183 which meshes with one member of a compound gear 184 carriedby a stud 185 on the free end of and 187 so as to eliminate allpossibility of back lash, a wedge 191 on arm186 being crowded into apocket 192 in a supporting means of'the slot andbolt connection 194(Fig. 23) about the axis of the ram spindle 48.

In order that proper adjustments of the gears may be made, that portionof pin 185 upon which he compound gear 184-is mounted, is eccentricslightly to that portion of the pin which :s in arm 186 so that, byangular adjustmentofpin 185 in arm gear 1 a 186' is normally urged, byspring 190, to a' position where the teeth of gear 184 are crowdedtightly into the teeth'of gears 183' 1 y frame 193 which is angularlyadjustable, by

186, the compound gear 184 maybe shifted laterally upon arm'186. The arm186 is bifurcated at its rear end, fitted over a plate 195 on carrier193 and pivoted by means of a bolt 196.

The arrangement above described such that, gear 187 being rotated in thedirection V indicated by thearrow 'in Fig. 23. its'action' with gears.183 and 187 are provided. The

outward movement of arm 186 is limited by engagement with the housingfor spring 190. As soon, however, as the driving force on shaft 188 iswithdrawn, spring- 190 serves to crowd gear 184 back into tight meshwith gears 187. and 183, and thus firmly 'hold the ram spindle 48against angularmovement.

The star wheel 189 is provided with radial guides 200 which form guideways for the 'roller 201 carried by wrist pin 202 on .hand, but thatwould be a tedious operation,

the disk203, carried by shaft 204. In the main, this construct on isthat commonly found in the so-called Geneva. gear and between each,guide 200'the star wheel 189 is provided with the usual interlockedsurfaces 205 which are arranged to interlock with the properly shapedblock-206 (see dotted lines in Fig. 24) carried by shaft 204, thearrangement being such that the block 206 contacts with'a surface 205during the time of travel'of'roller 201 from one guide 200 to the nextguide.

Heretofore in a train of this character there has been the possibilityof slight independent movement of thefstar wheel just as the rollerenters a radial groove of the star wheel and there has been a consequentnoisiness of. operation and ultimate wear,

tending to inaccuracy. Conseguently, the.

guides 200 are slightly exten ed radially and eased out, as indicated indotted lines in Fig. 24, so that the roller. 201 enters the groovesgradually. v

In order to additionally insure a firm holding of the shaft 188, starwheel 189 isprovided with a series of wedge-shaped notches-211 intowhich a locking dog 2.12 is projected at the proper time by spring 213.The dog 212 is removed and held out of locking position, at the propertime in each rotation-ofshaft 204, by means of a cam 214 carried byshaft 204.

In order to provide for the proper degrees of accuracy in co-relation ofthe parts, gear 187 should be angularly adjustable with relation to thestar wheel 189 and for that purpose shaft 188 carries a flange 218 havi21) carried by shaft 223 driven by gears 224 and 225 (Fig. 32) from themain shaft.

The amountof angular movement of the spindle 48 for each rotation of themain shaft is determined b the relation between the gears 187, 184 an183, and by changing gears 187 and 184, any desired relationship can beattained.

A distance ring 220 having a segmental spherical face seated in apropcrsocket is interposed between gear 187 and ring 216 .so as to compensateany inaccuracies in the clutch rings.

Power actuation of the draw bolt. The draw bolt 50 might be operated byand consequently, said bolt is extended upwardly considerably beyond theram spindle 48 and is extended throughvgears 230 and 231 (Fig. 27) andan intermediate clutch 232 into which the draw bolt 50 is splinezl.

Gears 231 and 232 are driven in opposite direetions by a gear 233 and agear pair 234 235, respectively, the gears 233 and 234 being carried byshaft 236, which is driven, through the medium of gears 237 (Fig. 27),238, 239, 240 and shaft 241 and gears 243 (Fig. 20). Gear 243 is drivenby the gears 73 one of which is carried by a shaft 244 driven by asprocket wheel 245 and chain 246 which connects with an element of achange speed gear box 247, the details of which are not im ortant, itbeing merely advisable to provi e some convenient means by which thechange of speed may be obtained if desired.

Clutch 232 is preferably provided with teeth, cooperating with teeth onthe gears 230 and 231, of such character that excessive resistance willbe avoided by a slippage of the clutch to neutral position. This clutchmay be operated by a yoke 250 controlled through suitable connections251 from a hand ever 252 (Fig. 3)..

' The crane.

A crane arm 260 provided with a bifurcated platform 261, is provided'toreceive the blank-carrying mandrel and swing it into and out of.alinement with the ram spindle. Crane 260 is rotatably'supported upon avertical shaft 262 which carries a nut 263 mounted on threads 264 formedin the lower end of the shaft 262. A spring 265 is interposed betweennut 263 and crane 260 so that the weight of the crane is carried by thespring 265. Nut 263 has a nonrotative sliding connection with the craneshaft 262 as indicated at 266. 1

Shaft 262 is connected to gears 270 and 271 (Fig. 3) with a shaft 272which pawes through gear 239 and a companion gear 273 (Fig. 27). The twogears 239 and 273 are connected by the gear 240 and a clutch Disposal of'The chips produced by tools 9.0 fall downwardly through ring 91 intocylinder .104, passing downwardly through openings 300 into the bottomof said c linder, and preferably falling into a opper 301 (dotted lines,Fig. 3), which will deliver the chips to an endless conveyor 302 drivenby any suitable train from one of the constantly moving shafts of themachine.

Some details ami- 'nwdz'ficatz'om.

If it is thought undesirable to de end upon a yieldable form of tooth onthe e utch 72, automatic iLl11'0\ -out meansmay be provided to limit theaction of the driving train by an automatic positive separation of theclutch members (as shown in Figs. 33 and 34). In this constructionthe'sha ft (corresponding with shaft 70 of the-"construction shown inFig. 20) is provided, beyond its gear 69 with a threaded extension 330on which is mounted a nut 331. Nut 331 carries, and is prevented fromrotating by, a slide block 332 which is sleeved upon shift rod 74between adjustable stop blocks 333, the construction being such that ashifting of rod 74 manually will cause movement of unit 331 in theopposite direction and a consequent ultimate engagement of block 332with the-appropriate :block 333 to return rod 74 to neutral.

In Figs. 35 and 36.I show-a ram head modification which insures auniform relation between the ram'and the blank-arbor. In thisconstruction the spindle 48 has its lower flanged end provided with adepend ing finger 340 which must be seated in the outer end of a notch341 formed in the flange of sleeve 342 (corresponding to sleeve 46).Mounted in the bottom of notch 341 is 8. depending finger 343 which mustbe seated in ,a notch formed in the edge of flange 344 of mandrel 345.By this means the sleeves and mandrelare held against relative rotationand. always assembled in the same angular relationship.

In Figs. 37 to 39 I show a modification by whichthe operation of themachine may be speeded up and the tools adjusted by hand. Camv 154(corresponding to cam 154 of Fig. 1) is journalled upon the hub 155" ofthe driving gear 155' and carries a hand wheel 350. Gear 155' 'carries afriction element 351 against which cam 154 is held, with more or lessforce, by the friction element'352 and nut 353 threaded on hub 155".When nut 353 is loosened to permit hand wheel 350 to be turned tomanually adjust the. cam 154, there would be a tendency, at some pointsin the cam, for the cam to be run back under the pressure of spring 151if the hand wheel is released. To prevent such action I provide the handwheel with a circular groove 354 in which I is arranged a frictionaldrag member 355 carried by the main frame.

In F ig. 40 I show a gang of cutters which, in conjunction with theindexin mechanism already described, serve e ciently in the rapid andaccurate formation of toothed elements. Here the gashing tool 375 isonlywide enough to approximate the bottom of the valley between two teeth;the roughing tool 376 will approximate the shape of the desired spacebetween two teeth, and the finishing tool 377 will produce'the finaldesired form.

The'cams 92 for .these tool will be appropriately formed so that theroughing tools will be slightly in advance of'the finishing tool untllnear the end of the cutting cycle andwill then lag behind while thefinishing tool will be appropriately advanced. Either one, or both, ofthe gashing and roughing tools may be used in conjunttion with afinishing tool although the most eflicient results are obtainable whenboth are usedbecause the finishing tool will their stand up for longeraccurate use.

By operating the tools in gangs, as described, the chips from theroughing and finishing tools more readily clear themselves from thetoolbecause of the preliminary channel formed. by the preceding tool.

Internal teeth may be readily formed'by a tool such as is shown in Fig.41 where the cutting portion 380 is outwardly presented and carried atthe upper end of a post 381 on' the shank 382.

The bolts 98 (Fig. 6 having bp en propcrly adjusted by nuts 98, it isquite desirable that they be locked in positioh without disturbing theadjustment, as would be the case if an ordinary lock nut were mounted onthe' bolt, For this purpose I make the nut 98' extra long and providelock bolt 98 adapted to enter the upper end of the nut and engage thetop of the bolt. This lock bolt may be set down hard enough against theend of thb bolt to prevent accidental turnin of the nut without shiftingthe nut endwise on the bolt.

In case helical gears are desired, it will be readily understood guide53 and ram sleeve 51 may be provided with appropriate-1y formed helicalcoacting portions so that the sleeve will be given an appropriate Thedrivinga-nd braking mechanism.

Power is applied tothe machine from any suitable motor connected to ashaft 310 (Fig. 32) provided with a clutch member 3111 Rotatably mountedon shaft 310 is a quill 313 carrying a pinion 314 meshin with a gear 315on shaft 55. The quill 313 carries a clutch member 316 having 'a sleeve316' which is rotatably mounted on quill 313 andcarries friction members317,

317 between which may be wedged a stationary friction band 319 heldagainst rotation from any suitable part of the main frame.

Splined to 11111.313 is a double friction cup 320, onemember of whichcooperates with the clutch member 311 and the other of which cooperateswith the clutch memher 316. The member 320 may beshifted from neutralposition into engagement with either of the members 311 or 316 by a yoke321 threaded upon a screw 322 having a' worm 323 by which the screw maybe ro-' tated by a rack 324. The arrangement is such that when member320 is in engagement with member 311, quill 313 will be rotated by shaft310 and when member 320 is in engagement with member 316 the quill 313and the movin parts driven thereby will be frictionally braked.

I claim as my invention:

1. The combination of two reciprocable members each provided with arack, a gear meshing with and connecting said two racks, one of saidracks being a worm rotatably mounted for independent rotative movementwhereby the relation of the stroke of one rack maybe adjusted relativeto the stroke of the other rack.

2. The combination of a reci rocable member having a rack, a seconreciprocable member, a worm rotatably mounted upon said second memberand available as a rack in longitudinal movement of said secondreciprocab'e member, and a gear meshing with and connecting the tworacks.

3. The combination of a reciprocable member having a rack, a secondre'ciprocable member, a worm rotatably mounted upon said second memberand available as a rack in longitudinal movement of said secondreciprocable member,- a screw carried by said worm, a nut on said screw,means for holding said nut against rotation, and means for limiting themovement of the nut longitudinally-of the screw.

4. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a toolcarrier, a reciprocable blankcarrying ram associated with said toolcarrier, means for automatically intermittently retracting and advancingthe tools relative to the line of movement of the ram, a reciprocabledriving member,

connections between the reciprocable driv ing member and theram forcausing reci rocation of the ram by reciprocation of t e driving member,and means by which the stroke of the ram may be adjustably coordinatedwit-h the movements of the tool carrier, said means comprising a wormrotatably mounted upon one of the afore said reciprocating members, arack on the other reciprocable member, and a connecting gear between theworm and rack.

5. In a machine of the class dwcribed, the combination of a toolcarrier, a reci rocable blank-carrying ram associated with said toolcarrier, means for automaticall intermittently retracting and advancin te tools relative to the line of movement 0 the ram,

.a reciprocable driving member, connections between 'the reciprocabledriving member and the ram for causing reciprocation of the ram byreciprocation of the driving member, andmeans by which the stroke of theram may be adjustably coordinated with the tool carrier.

6. The combination with a rotary me ber, of means, for intermittentlyoscillating and gradually advancing said rotary member step-by-step,comprising a. rcciprocable member, a worm rotatably mounted on saidreciprocable member, a gear meshing with said worm and connected withthe first mentioned member, a lever connected with said reciprocablemember for reciprocating the same, means for reciprocating said lever, afulcrum on said lever, an adjustable abutment for said fulcrum, andmeans coordinated with the lever-driving means for shiftingsaidabutment.

7. In a machine of the class described, the

combination with an annular tool carrier, a

series of circumferentially-spaced tools seated in said carrier, m. ansfor advancing and retracting said tools, a clamping ring overlying thetools, a pull-ring underlying the tool carrier, connections between thepull-ring and clamping ring, and means for intermittently drawing uponthe tool ring

